2016, 7
2016, 7
p. 4–7
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837
Russia is a multinational state, with a population of about 180 self-defined ethnic groups. During 1990-s the revival of ethnic consciousness of the population took place. The article addresses the issue of the formation of ethno-cultural and inter-ethnic relations based on the principles of equality and self-determination of peoples, their political and legal security, strengthening common to all peoples norms and values of tolerant behavior. The author focuses on the positive experience of regulation of interethnic relations in Russia, presents activities carried out by the Department of the National Policy, Inter-Regional Relations and Tourism of the City of Moscow Government. Particular attention is paid to the round table “The formation of a unified civil identity of preschool-age children, taking into account different national and cultural traditions of family education”, held in the framework of the V Anniversary International Scientific and Practical Conference “Early Childhood Care and Education.” Discussion at the round table showed how urgent and complicated issues of cooperation between nations are and how important it is to translate the positive experience of intercultural interaction.
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2016, 7
p. 8–15
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423
National and cultural aspects of personality formation are a very difficult and lengthy process. Its basis is undoubtedly laid down in the family which initiates a child’s socialization, education, the molding of his personality, including primary ethnization factors. With new independent states emerging on the territory of the former Soviet Union and new diasporas subsequently springing up, the process of ethnic and cultural identity formation has, too, acquired new aspects. The authors point out that of paramount importance for the characterization of the new diasporas is the fact that their members identified themselves not so much with their maternal ethnic group, as with their mainland, and, consequently, with the value orientations the state demonstrated. The survey and the present study show how national culture is preserved and restored through upbringing and family traditions in Belarussians living in 21st century Moscow. It also explains what determines the Belarussian essence for Belarussians in the Diaspora and the way the latter manifests itself in a modern megalopolis.
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2016, 7
p. 16–21
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469
The author deals with events held in the school program of compulsory and extracurricular activities, which are aimed at fostering modern school interest in traditional Ukrainian culture. The article examines how the state seeks to revive the customs and rituals of its own country through education in an attempt to instill love for national traditions in the younger generation. An important step towards the revival of traditional Ukrainian culture today is to create an environment permeated with the Ukrainian language and to promote its further spread. Attention is drawn to the viewpoints of the authors of literature textbooks for Ukrainian schools who make a special point of emphasizing the importance of the Ukrainian people and the Ukrainian lands in the historical context, in the making of the first forms of national statehood. The article highlights a significant number of additional activities designed to draw attention to cultural heritage of Ukrain.
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2016, 7
p. 22–29
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507
The author explores the specific features of transmission and preservation of ethnic characteristics in Udmurt families living in multiethnic megalopolises. It has been noted that the Russian scientific community’s interest in the problem of human adaptation to a new ethno-cultural environment is associated primarily with intensified migration flows, and other types of movement (tourism, long-term study or work) within the country. Based on a survey conducted among Udmurt families living in two Russian regions: Moscow city and Izhevsk city, the capital of the Udmurt Republic, the author defines the specific features of the manifestation of the process in each of these cities. Special attention is paid to the study of the role the national language and folklore play in the life of modern Udmurt families who have moved to the megalopolises.
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2016, 7
p. 30–34
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383
The paper is devoted to the traditional education of preschool age children in Tabasaran families. The author cites different methods Tabasaran families use to bring up their children. These methods draw heavily on the examples set by the older generation and its experience, national traditions, and Tabasaran folklore. The author describes in detail the instructive stories of the older generation, the most popular Tabasaran legends, parables and stories that have been passed on from one generation to another. Each example of folklore is summed up by the author. The article deals with such an important aspect of sex-based upbringing of preschool children, as introduction of children to work. For example, all girls of the preschool age become accustomed to carpet weaving which is a traditional national craft. The article ends with the author’s appeal to the younger generation about the need to honor the customs and traditions of its people.
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2016, 7
p. 35–39
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586
Labour migration from Central Asian countries has become a prominent part of the modern Russian reality. Labour migrants from Uzbekistan rank first among arrivals to the Russian Federation. In many cases, migrant workers are later on joined by their family members – wife and children who arrive in Russia. For these children to successfully adapt to the nonethnic environment it is important that they should be provided with necessary support from daycare centers and schools. This article focuses on the specifics of educating children from labor migrant families and problems they may encounter. The author emphasizes that in spite of being in a completely nonethnic environment Uzbek labor migrants tend to raise their children by complying with all the rules and regulations of Uzbek society, observing their religious and traditional ceremonies and inculcating them in their children.
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2016, 7
p. 40–45
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372
The article is devoted to preservation of national and cultural traditional elements in the families of the Moscow Armenian Diaspora. Having lived in non-ethnic society for centuries, Moscow Armenians seek to preserve their traditional culture and create all types of educational centers where they bring their children. The article is based on a survey conducted in the spiritual and outreach center called “Ayordeats Tun” among students and their parents in April 2016. The authors paid special attention to the questions of child rearing, to the language preferences in everyday communication and Armenian traditions. The authors examine the role of the parent state and the Armenian apostolic church in the development of the Armenian ethnicity. The key role in preserving national traditions in the Armenian family continues to be played by mothers whose task is to instill in her children love for their country and its culture. The survey results are presented and analyzed.
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2016, 7
p. 46–57
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559
The article is devoted to the study of the specific features of a kindergarten teacher’s professional position and is based on the materials of the questionnaire survey involving 320 caregivers from Moscow daycare centers. One of the most important factors affecting the child development is the nature of the educational strategies preschool care-givers use when interacting with the child. Special attention is given to the analysis of educators’ target orientations, the specifics of the style of their relationship with the child, teachers’ emotional well-being when dealing with children and the forms of control (reward and punishment) they use in response to the child’s behavior. The analysis of the materials pays special attention to the influence of various factors (the caregivers’ educational level and work experience, children’s age) on a caregiver’s idiosyncratic professional position.
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2016, 7
p. 58–69
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464
The article describes the theoretical foundations of the educational project “Transformation” project aimed at developing dialectical thinking in preschoolers and based on the “child’s participation principle” in the educational process. Dialectical thinking is understood to mean productive handling of the opposites which allows a person, on the one hand, to understand the world in the making, and, on the other, to produce a new creative product. This article describes the key points of the project: the dialectical structure of the developing world as an educational content, a dialectical task and the child participation principle. The author considers the specifics of implementing the “child’s participation principle” in the Transformation project: a child’s acquisition of cognitive means necessary for him to comprehend the development processes and, in particular, those in his own life when forecasting, planning and reflecting.
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2016, 7
p. 72–80
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649
Play and playfulness are basic features in early childhood education. The elements of play are pleasure, a sense of freedom, and the co-construction of shared meaning through the use of rules or rhythms. Play and learning are closely related in early childhood. But when the focus on the educational benefits of play becomes too strong, the most essential feature of play is lost: children’s pleasure. Young children in group settings often have to adapt to the teachers’ demands related to security, hygiene, and social norms and values. But the playfulness of the teachers helps to overcome differences in power in the caregiver-child relationship and prevents young children from becoming overburdened with strict rules and group discipline. Play and playfulness are a resource of shared pleasure and creativity in learning processes.
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