2016, 3
2016, 3
p. 20–35
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547
Based on the leading ideas of the Lazarev’s scientific school “Theory of Developing Pedagogical Systems” this article presents a technique of implementing the first stage of systemic changes in the educational system of a preschool educational institution – a problem-oriented analysis of its educational activities. It defines the logical structure of analysis implementation and sets down the requirements for its final and intermediate results, describing the technique of obtaining them which ranges from the current shortcomings in the education results to the most important underlying causes, that stem from defective pedagogical system components and defective conditions of educational activities. Special attention is focused on critically evaluating its educational activity objectives and a technique of developing the leaver model in order to use the model in assessing educational results.
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2016, 3
p. 42–49
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642
The author continues to acquaint readers with guidelines for ensuring the corrective content of adaptive educational programs for preschool education in major educational areas applicable to different categories of children with health limitations. The article presents some recommendations as to the content of corrective methodical support for pre-school education of children with hearing impairments. It gives characteristic features of hearing loss and the specifics of such children’s development. It also lists conditions for training and educating children with hearing impairments. The article discusses the methodological support for an adaptive program to provide preschool education to children with hearing disabilities in all areas of learning. An adaptive educational program for a hearing impaired child is envisaged to provide a plan and direction for correction and development in all preschool educational areas. Each educational area in the adaptive educational program for children with hearing impairments should formulate basic correctional goals and objectives and give a list of specific literary sources of corrective and developing orientation.
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2016, 3
p. 50–59
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463
The article presents diagnostic and corrective methods designed for study and correction of sensory-perceptual activity of preschool children with intellectual disabilities. Sensory-perceptual activity is considered as a basis for further cognitive development of children in this group. The diagnostic method of its study involves differential criteria for fulfilling experimental tasks by three groups of preschool children – normally developing children, children with developmental delay and children with mental retardation. The corrective method aimed at forming such sensory-perceptual processes, as the ability to relate the properties of subjects to predetermined reference forms and the ability to model planar shapes of subjects is based on the gradual formation of mental actions theory developed by P.Y. Galperin. Both the diagnostic and corrective methods are based on L.A. Venger’s approach to the study of sensory-perceptive activity of preschool children.
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2016, 3
p. 36–41
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473
In Russian psychology the main components of the role play are thoroughly described: imaginary situation, role playing action, substitutes usage, etc. Since play is a leading activity for preschool child, the presence of the same components for didactic games - especially in the case for children 3-5 years old – is of great need. It is important in process of teaching children to read make the right sequence of educational objectives. Many preschoolers struggle with the reading not due to the laziness or cognitive complexity of the process, but namely due to the inability to “jump” through the intermediate links of the learning process. In this article the stages of learning to read are clearly spelled out. The task of the teacher is to build the process of learning to read in a creative way, find solutions to every educational problem with the help of the desired components of the role play and thus turn learning into a joyful and fascinating process. The Zaitsev’s cubes are recommended for use, though described system differs from the Zaitsev system in many ways and can not be considered as its extension or modification.
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2016, 3
p. 60–65
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552
The article is designed to help parents understand what role games and toys play in a preschooler’s life, which toys help a child enter the world of human culture, what role an adult plays in the development of play activities. Psychological approaches to the understanding of the importance of games and toys in developing a child’s personality and intelligence are considered. It is demonstrated that the outward appearance of a toy and its functions are defined, on the one hand, by the social and cultural realities and, on the other, by the needs of the child himself. By analyzing the preferences of today’s boys and girls the authors propose that stereotypes in choosing toys to be overcome. The article considers the risk zones and resources of modern toys, computer and other games. It provides recommendations on how to choose the toy considering a preschool child’s psychology.
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2016, 3
p. 66–79
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529
This article explores the links between neuroscience research, movement, and neurological dysfunction in relation to young children’s learning and development. While policymakers have recognized the importance of early development the role of movement has been overlooked. A small scale study was undertaken in four early years settings in a London Borough in order to investigate whether an intervention resulted in improved movement experiences for children. This is the first study to assess the quality of movement-play using a newly developed measuring scale. Results showed that an intervention does result in improved movement experiences for young children. Consistently enhanced results were found in relation to the vital role of the adult at the two intervention settings. For Vygotsky the adult role is critical to the quality of play and learning for the child (Siraj-Blatchford, 2009). There is scope for a larger scale piece of research spread across different sectors in order to further test the validity and reliability of the scale.
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