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    Articles by tag "control":

    Chernokova T.E. Methods for Diagnosing Self-regulation in Older Preschool Children
    2020, 3 p. 18–30
    Chernokova T.E.
    MORE
    28

    Contradictionary results of studies on the development of self-regulation in different activities in children are identified. The structure of self-regulation includes the ability to goal-setting, modeling conditions of activities, programming actions and self-control. The specificity of the manifestation of these abilities in different types of activity and features in preschool children is shown.

    The method includes four problem situations. The first part is aimed at diagnosing the ability to self-regulate cognitive activity (metacognitive abilities). The second part is aimed at diagnosing the ability to self-regulate play activity (metaplay abilities).

    Situations 1 and 3 suggest a hypothetical inclusion of the child in cognitive and play activities. The child must identify the goal and objectives, the conditions for the implementation of the activity and the program of action. Situations 2 and 4 are aimed at diagnosing self-control in cognitive and play activities. These situations imply a child’s assessment of «completing the assignment by other children».

    Testing results indicate a relatively uniform distribution of the examined children according to the level of development of self-regulation abilities in different types of activities. Close and moderate correlation between the indicators of the abilities in cognitive and play activities was found. However, only 8% of the examined children showed a harmonious profile of metacognitive and meta-play abilities.

    Self-regulation in preschool children has its own specifics in different types of activities. To diagnose metacognitive and metaplay abilities, it is necessary to use different diagnostic tasks. The results of testing the method indicate that it can be used in scientific research and for the diagnosis of mental development of preschool children.


    Keywords: self-regulation cognitive activity play activity metacognitive abilities metaplay abilities goal-setting modeling conditions activities programming actions and self-control diagnostics methods preschool children
    DOI: 10.24411/1997-9657-2020-10071
    Silina O.V. Dynamics of Personal Boundaries in Children aged 3–7 years with Autism Spectrum Disorder
    2020, 1 p. 54–65
    Silina O.V.
    MORE
    47

    Personal boundaries are a convenient descriptive metaphor reflecting the interaction of personality and environment. The purpose of our research is to study and thoroughly describe the formation of this phenomenon in a group of children aged 3-7 years with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). The study was conducted between 2016 and 2019 using qualitative methods (on-line observation, case study, simulation of situations) and involved 14 children who were diagnosed with ASD. The group composition and the study procedure remained unchanged for four years.

    The children were asked to participate in the staging of various problem situations (violation of privacy, daily routine, etc.), which made it possible to describe both territorial behavior and to reflect the various manifestations of the phenomenon of personal boundaries (regulation, control, essence, ways of protecting personal boundaries). Statistical analysis showed the presence of dynamics in the development of personal boundaries in children with ASD. Personal boundaries of children in this group are perceived as a physical barrier that unambiguously separates spaces of different people. Another person (adult or child) is also a barrier that divides spaces. A close adult becomes a bearer of the personal boundaries of a child with ASD. The differences in the manifestation of personal boundaries for familiar and unfamiliar children are shown: a considerable degree of freedom and social experimentation in the first case is manifested (a wider range of ways to protect the personal boundaries, regulation and control are more vividly expressed), interaction with unfamiliar children appears threatening due to unpredictable behavior. The phenomenon of the personal boundary has qualitative uniqueness and high adaptive potential, ensuring psychological safety and integrity of children with ASD.

    Keywords: childhood autism spectrum disorder personal boundaries control regulation protection of personal boundaries
    DOI: 10.24411/1997-9657-2020-10064
    Gorshkova E.V., Zhabina E.G. Development of Arbitrary Behavior in Children of 5-6 Years of Age by Methods of Emotional and Motor Psychotechnics
    2019, 3 p. 24–35
    Zhabina E.G. , Gorshkova E.V.
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    29
    The article shows the relevance of the development of arbitrary behavior in preschool children. According to the hypothesis of the investigation, methods of emotional-motor psychotechnics can optimize the development of arbitrary behavior in children 5–6 years. At the same time, emotional-motor psychotechnics are considered as a direction of psychological and pedagogical assistance in overcoming the child’s problems by solving practical tasks on the material of figurative-motor exercises with rich emotional content. The methods and results of the investigation are described. The basic principles of work with children by methods of emotional-motor psychotechnics are compared with traditional methods of development of arbitrary behavior in preschool children by means of Board games with rules. 75 children aged 5–6 years took part in the investigation. Based on the comparison of primary and control diagnostic data in the three groups of children is shown a growth in arbitrariness in the experimental group, where lessons were conducted in emotional-motor psychotechnics, in contrast on another experimental group , where lessons with traditional methods were less effective, and control group, where the primary data remained almost unchanged.
    Keywords: arbitrary behavior arbitrariness self-control psychological and pedagogical assistance emotional-motor psychotechnics
    DOI: 10.24411/1997-9657-2019-10045
    Novitskaya V.A., Yafizova R.I. Quality Control of Learning Environment for Early Childhood Groups
    2018, 5 p. 38–53
    Yafizova R.I. , Novitskaya V.A.
    MORE
    59

    Introduction. The article presents results of a theoretical research in the field of quality control of learning environment of early childhood groups. The purpose of the study is to develop a theory based methodology for quality control of learning environment by employing modern trends in early childhood pedagogy.

    Directions and methods of research. The research methods are based on activity and competence approach, the idea of the learning environment as a medium for successful socialization of toddlers, structural components of the learning environment, where the key parameters are: nature of adult - child interaction, content and modes of the interaction, focused on successful mastery of kindergarten programs, designing of stimulating environment for early childhood groups. Theoretical analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature on the subject, design of structural components of learning environment of early childhood groups, determination of the expert indicators for each component of learning environment were used as research methods.

    Results. Result of the research was presented in the form of control methods description, that include evaluation of the quality of learning environment, measurement of the quality indicators for each component of the learning environment (the nature of adult interaction with the child, the content and modes of interaction, aimed at the successful mastery of the kindergarten program, design of stimulating environment for early childhood groups). Detailed recommendations to the content of each indicator are given.

    Conclusion. The developed control methodology makes it possible to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the quality of learning environment for early childhood groups in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard, and to help an expert to determine ways of further quality improvement of the learning environment.

    Keywords: learning environment early childhood groups quality control of learning environment stimulating interaction between teacher and early age children stimulating environment for early childhood groups
    DOI: 10.24411/1997-9657-2018-10020
    Silina O.V. The Formation of Psychological Boundaries in Children Aged 2–7 Years
    2018, 1 p. 19–29
    Silina O.V.
    MORE
    53
    The subject-being approach allows us to speak about the child in the changing world, noting both how the environment impacts personality development and the effect of the child himself on the outside world. The most convenient descriptive design that meets this requirement is psychological boundaries (or the boundaries of “I”). The aim of the study is to describe the development of the phenomenon of children’s boundaries of “I” from the ages of 2 to 7 years old. The longitudinal study was conducted from 2012 to 2017 with the use of qualitative methods: participant observation, simulation (the construction of the house), and case study. The study involved a group of children (14), the composition of which has not changed throughout this period. The dynamic of psychological boundaries is discovered: from physical barriers around their bodies to the labeling of the territory, first physically (pictures, toys, things) to verbally. The research shows that relationships between close people take place at a short distance and the use of destructive methods of protection, and relationships with strangers are characterized by a stronger distancing and constructive ways to protect and control the boundaries of “I”. The psychological boundaries appear as a multifaceted phenomenon which has temporal and spatial length, for alternately finding the “inside” and “outside” of society.
    Keywords: childhood the boundaries of I control regulation protection feeling understanding activity and psychological boundaries
    DOI: 10.24411/1997-9657-2018-00002
    Chernokova T.E. The Development of the Structure of Metacognition at Preschool Age
    2016, 1 p. 46–55
    Chernokova T.E.
    MORE
    31
    The article presents the results of a study into the structure of metacognition in preschool years. The methods used included metacognitive conversation and experiments. The experiment consisted of introducing a problem situation, discussing a plan of action with a child, implementing the plan, summing up the results. A total of 80 children of 4-7 years were surveyed. It was shown that preschool age is a sensitive period for children’s metacognitive development, with the age of 5-6 years being the most significant one. When in their senior preschool age kids begin to form a dialectic understanding of cognitive activity as a dynamic system which includes conflicting characteristics. 5-7 year-old children are able to set themselves a dialectic task aiming to perceive the specific properties of an object, its relationships with surrounding objects and possible directions of development. Older preschoolers are in a position to identify possible educational tools based on internal and external factors, and to draw up long-term programs of logical actions that involve different options for problem solving. They also display elements of meaningful self-control.
    Keywords: structure of metacognition metacognitive development structural and dialectical approach preschool children metacognitive knowledge Gnostic goal setting simulation of cognition conditions cognitive action programming self-control
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