Agnieszka Pasternak

The role of fathers in raising preschool children is closely connected with the features that a man performs in the family – a husband and a father. In the modern family distribution of roles and responsibilities between spouses often depends on the conditions and restrictions set by their occupation. The role of women and men in the family is a subject to change. However, not all the features of men in the family amenable to social and cultural change. The article describes the functions performed by a father in the spiritual-philosophical aspect and in the psychological aspect. The article shows that the father’s love is not the same as the mother’s which is absolutely unconditional. Erich Fromm pointed out that to earn the love of a father, her child must meet certain conditions, be responsible, hard working, courageous, which in future will help her to overcome life’s difficulties. Particular attention in the article is paid to situations where a child grows up without a father.

This article analyzes the problem of formation and development of empathy in preschool children. Empathy is considered as a significant factor of further development and operation of the emotional and social status of the child. Child development is unfolding through social interaction. Public attitudes to child and child relations with society influence the development of personality, cognition, emotions and social behavior. The article describes the main directions of development of empathy in the preschool years, as well as ways of its development in children in classroom settings.