Postgraduate Student of Chair of Applied Psychology of Kazan Federal University (Kazan, Russia)
Timur R. Mustafin
2013, 4
p. 70–75
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180
The key actors in the normative interaction situations are a child and an adult. It is an adult, who is broadcasting rules to the child, and who can evaluate the degree of congruence of the child as a subject of culture (of the normative situation). The paper presents an analysis of the psychology of the child’s correspondence with the rules of culture – cultural congruence. Education of the individual in a culture is the formation of the creative potential of the child, based on the capacity of critical analysis and reflection. The authors emphasize that the education of the individual requires means that differ from those that are needed for raising the subject. The article describes a technique for identifying the cultural congruence among 5-6 years old children. The method is based on the identified range of human interaction in the social situations between the child and the adult. It allows to determine compliance of the child with the standards on the basis of indicators of five scales which together form integral indicator of cultural congruence.
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2015, 7
p. 74–78
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153
The article describes conducted study on the identification of how the cultural congruence of children is related to cognitive development, especially to the development of dialectical thinking. Author investigates how the child’s behavior in the cultural (normative) situation allows him to solve problem situations involving dialectical mental actions as thinking tools. Study sample included 106 preschool children from the city of Kazan, as well as the parents of those children. Methods used were aimed at the diagnostics of dialectical thinking (“Dialectical stories”) and cultural congruence (“Method of the cultural congruence of preschooler determination”). The author reveals the conventional model of the relationship of dialectical thinking and cultural congruence. A high level of compliance with the normative situation tends to reflect low flexibility in solutions of problem situations, which imply active usage of dialectical mental actions. Among the factors included in the assessment of cultural congruence child of preschool age, the most inconsistent factor turned out to be the safety factor.
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