The concept of a peer of older preschoolers with different sociometric status
This work is licensed under a Сreative Commons Atribiution - NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Abstract
Background. There is the is one of the most important in pedagogy and psychology problem of relationships between preschoolers. The nature of the relationship between children at this age has a significant impact on the process of development and socialization; understanding the differences in ideas about peers in older preschool children with different sociometric status reveals the features of their interaction.
Objectives. The study identified the characteristics of the idea of a peer in older preschool children with different sociometric status.
Sample. The study involved 140 preschoolers aged 6-7 years, including 69 girls and 71 boys, who had been attending state preschool educational institutions for at least two years. Consent was obtained from all preschoolers’ parents of to conduct the psychological study.
Methods. The following methods were used: “Dva domika” (“Two Houses”) by T.D. Martsinkovskaya; “Rasskaz o druge” (“A Story about a Friend”) by E.O. Smirnova, V.M. Kholmogorova; “Neokonchennyye situatsii” (“Unfinished Situations”) by A.M. Shchetinina, L.V. Kirs; “Le Test-Film” (“Film Test”) by R. Gille.
Results. The results were obtained on the differences in the ideas about peers in older preschool children with different sociometric status. Thus, preschoolers with high and average sociometric status have a positive idea of peers, open and safe for communication. When children with low sociometric status imagine peers more negatively and are wary of them, they are less inclined to establish close relationships with other children and may experience communication difficulties.
Conclusions. There is a relationship between sociometric status in a peer group and the idea of a peer in children of early to school age. The obtained results emphasize the importance of sociometric status and the need to take into account the position of a preschooler in a group when building individual work.
References
Brummelman, E., Thomaes, S. (2017). How Children Construct Views of Themselves: A Social-Developmental Perspective. Child Development, (88), 1763–1773.
Buchilova, I.A., Komkova, I.N., Samylova, V.N. (2014). Study of interpersonal relations with peers in senior preschool children using the sociometry method. Concept, (7), 96–100. (In Russ.).
Butenko, V.N. (2007). Features of interpersonal relations in different-age groups of preschoolers: Summ. Diss. Cand. Sci. (Psychol.). Moscow: PI RAO. (In Russ.).
Chernyaeva, A.V. (2012). The problem of communicative and personal development of senior preschool children. Mir Nauki, Kul’tury, Obrazovaniya = The World of Science, Culture, Education, (6), 284–287. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.24412/FdmCeQ7J6EE
Federal State Educational Standard of Preschool Education (2019). (Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated October 17, 2013 No. 1155 (as amended on January 21, 2019) “On Approval of the Federal State Educational Standard of Preschool Education” (Registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia on November 14, 2013 No. 30384). URL: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_154637/1ad1a834f2604827f926f8d5cce7251c500a26cd (accessed: 17.06.2024).
Grebennikova, O.V. (2021). Socialization of modern preschoolers in a peer group: realities and prospects. Vestnik Buryatskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta. Obrazovanie. Lichnost’. Obshchestvo = Bulletin of the Buryat State University. Education. Personality. Society, (2), 54–60. (In Russ.).
Klyueva, N.V., Filippova, Yu.V. (2001). Communication: Children 5–7 years old. Yaroslavl: Development Academy. (In Russ.).
Kolominsky, Ya.L. (1984). Psychology of a children’s collective: The system of personal relationships. Minsk: Narodnaya asveta. (In Russ.).
Kolominsky, Ya.L. (2000). Psychology of relationships in small groups: general and age-specific features: a tutorial. Minsk: TetraSystems. (In Russ.).
Kolominsky, Ya.L. (2013). Psychological culture of childhood: a tutorial for teachers of preschool educational institutions. Minsk: Higher school. (In Russ.).
Komlik, L.Yu., Faustova, I.V., Filatova, I.Yu., Gnezdilova, N.A. (2020). Interaction of older preschoolers in role-playing games as a factor in their social development. Colloquium-journal, (16–38), 63–66. (In Russ.).
Kurysheva, O.V., Gafurova, T.R., Kurlina, K.V. (2016). The influence of self-esteem of older preschoolers on their interpersonal relationships in a group. Lichnost’, Sem’ya i Obshchestvo: Voprosy Pedagogiki i Psikhologii = Personality, Family and Society: Issues of Pedagogy and Psychology, (5), 99–105. (In Russ.).
Ladd, G.W. (2006). Peer rejection, aggressive or withdrawn behavior, and psychological maladjustment from ages 5 to 12: An examination of four predictive models. Child Development, (77), 822–846.
Lautkina, S.V., Selezneva, I.N. (2021). The relationship between the characteristics of communication, self-esteem and interpersonal status in preschool children. Yaroslavskii Pedagogicheskii Vestnik =Yaroslavl Pedagogical Bulletin, (2), 96–103. (In Russ.).
Lisina, M.I. (2009) Formation of a child’s personality in communication. St. Petersburg: Piter. (In Russ.).
Order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated November 25, 2022 No. 1028 “On approval of the federal educational program for preschool education” (Registered on December 28, 2022 No. 71847). (In Russ.). URL: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202212280044?ysclid=lz00tir5d794728007 (accessed: 17.06.2024).
Podvitskaya, G.I. (2018). Specifics of the attitude towards peers in older preschoolers who attend and do not attend kindergarten. Sankt-Peterburgskii Obrazovatel’nyi Vestnik = St. Petersburg Educational Bulletin, (4–5), 83–88. (In Russ.).
Pronina, A.N., Faustova, I.V. (2023). The influence of moral concepts of older preschool children on interpersonal relationships with peers. Nauchno-Pedagogicheskoe Obozrenie. Pedagogical Review = Scientific and Pedagogical Review. Pedagogical Review, 2(48), 7–15. (In Russ.). URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/vliyanie-nravstvennyh-predstavleniy-starshih-doshkolnikov-na-mezhl... (date of access: 17.06.2024).
Repina, T.A. (1988). Social and psychological characteristics of a kindergarten group: monograph. Moscow: Pedagogy. (In Russ.).
Rubinchik, Yu.S. (2015). Collective relationships of preschool children. Gumanitarnye, Sotsial’no-Ekonomicheskie i Obshchestvennye Nauki = Humanities, Socio-Economic and Social Sciences, (8), 250–252. (In Russ.).
Shinkareva, N.A., Tsventarnykh, M.A. (2018). Games with rules as a means of developing friendly relationships in children in their seventh year of life. Azimut Nauchnykh Issledovanii: Pedagogika i Psikhologiya = Azimuth of Scientific Research: Pedagogy and Psychology, 7(2), 311–314. (In Russ.).
Smirnova, E.O., Kholmogorova, V.M. (2005). Interpersonal relationships of preschoolers: diagnostics, problems, correction. Moscow: VLADOS. (In Russ.).
Spilt, J. L., van Lier, P. A. C., Leflot, G., Onghena, P., Colpin, H. (2014). Children’s social self-concept and internalizing problems: The influence of peers and teachers. Child Development, (85), 1248–1256. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12181
Tolmacheva, T.E. (2013). To help a psychologist studying the sociometric status of preschoolers. Sovremennoe Doshkol’noe Obrazovanie. Teoriya i Praktika = Preschool Education Today. Theory and Practice, (7), 42–48. (In Russ.).
Veraksa, N.E., Veraksa, A.N. (2008). “Game of Secrets”: Methodology for Studying Interpersonal Relations of Preschool Children. Sovremennoe Doshkol’noe Obrazovanie. Teoriya i Praktika = Preschool Education Today. Theory and Practice, (1), 100–102. (In Russ.).
Vershinina, L.V. (2006). Children’s Practical Psychology: Emotional and Personal Development of Children in Preschool Educational Institutions. Tomsk: TGPU. (In Russ.).
Zaporozhets, A.V. (2004). Psychology of preschool children. Moscow: Unity. (In Russ.).
Zotova, I.V., Umerova, M. (2017). Features of interpersonal relationships of senior preschool children. Nauka, Tekhnika i Obrazovanie = Science, Technology and Education, 2(5), 57–60. (In Russ.).