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The relevance of the topic of the article. It is in the family that the foundation of the child’s social experience is laid. In the process of interaction of a child with a close adult, stable features of constructive personal response are formed, characterological features are fixed. As a rule, the mother is recognized as the dominant influence on the child, on the development of emotional sphere. It is the mother who satisfies the child’s needs for the benevolent attention of an adult. The boundaries of our research do not allow us to identify all the factors contributing to the formation of a particular style of parental attitude to the child. However, many researchers, revealing the concept of parental attitude style, note the unconscious nature of behavioral manifestations and parental attitudes assigned by the mother in childhood imprinted. Therefore, we assumed that one of the factors in the formation of a particular style of parental attitude to the child is the quality of the mother’s reflection. The mother’s reflection, which has a protective character from negative experiences (fear of failure, shame, guilt, resentment), giving a locally temporary effect – pathogenic reflection. Reflection aimed at solving the problem in the relationship with the help of adequate means of the situation – sanogenic reflection.

The aim of the study. The article presents the results of an empirical study of the relationship between well-being in child-parent relationships and factors that negatively affect its development. Such factors are the styles of the child-parent relationship “Excessive requirements-prohibitions” and “Insufficient requirements-prohibitions” and the pathogenic reflection of the mother. On the example of these styles of parental attitude to the child, the mechanisms that prevent the formation of the emotional and psychological well-being of the child are shown.

Description of the research progress. An empirical study was conducted with mothers raising preschoolers. The study involved 236 people – mothers of preschoolers. Mostly respondents have higher education (67%), are married (51%), work (70%) and have more than one child (45%). The r-Spearman rank correlation coefficient and the Mann-Whitney U-test, a nonparametric statistical method of data processing for independent samples, were used for data processing.

The results of the study. The style of parental relationship is a formal dynamic characteristic, which is based on fixed, habitual forms of behavior for the mother and relationships in general, which may be non-constructive (pathogenic) in nature. It is concluded that the style of parental attitude to the child depends on the quality of reflection. Reflexive defenses, in turn, manifest themselves in behavioral forms of reaction and are fixed as an experience in the styles of parental attitude.

Conclusion. The more pronounced the indicators of the protective (pathogenic) reflection of the mother, the more the unconstructive style of parental attitude towards the child is presented, the less competent she is in educational activities. It is established that the style of parental attitude to the child depends on the quality of reflection. The pathogenic reflection of the mother is not aimed at solving problems arising in the child-parent relationship, but at her own experiences and states, which actualizes the need to protect against them. Reflexive defenses, in turn, manifest themselves in behavioral patterns and are fixed as an experience in parenting styles.

Background. Social perceptions of the administrators of educational institutions about the psychological characteristics of the educational environment are a key factor influencing the effectiveness of the system of interaction in the team. The organizational and managerial component of the educational environment is of primary importance in the formation of a psychologically safe kindergarten educational environment that promotes the maintenance of the emotional well-being of all its subjects.

Objective. Theoretical and empirical substantiation of the development of a program of social and psychological support for kindergarten managers, as well as an assessment of its effectiveness.

Sample. The study involved 111 kindergarten managers from seven cities of Russia. 72 people participated in the formative experiment: directors, deputy directors and senior preschool teachers aged 35 to 70 years.

Methods. The study used survey and diagnostic (questionnaires, surveys) methods, observations, and a formative experiment. The content analysis of the associations of managers was carried out using the methodology of P. Verges (Vergès, 1992).

Results. The study shows that the administrator is a key link in ensuring psychological safety in an educational institution, which emphasizes the importance of identifying and adjusting social perceptions about creating safe learning conditions. These perceptions play a significant role in shaping the organizational and managerial component of the educational environment of a preschool educational institution. The study defines the structure of social perceptions of preschool educational institution directors before and after participating in the program of socio-psychological support. The content of these perceptions was also revealed and described, and then the changes that occurred as a result of the formative experiment were analyzed.

Conclusions. The program of social and psychological support, including five semantic blocks: diagnostic, informational, educational, formative, reflexive and analytical, is an effective tool for forming social perceptions of preschool educational institution heads about the principles of organizing a psychologically safe educational environment in a kindergarten.