The relevance of the topic of the article. Dialectical thinking can act as a means of solving communicative and personal tasks by the subject. A dialectical strategy for solving such problems allows the subject to identify all the variety of characteristics, including mutually exclusive ones, and transform them. This contributes to a more tolerant attitude of the subject towards people around him and towards himself and, consequently, successful socialization.
Research methods. The article presents an analysis of studies carried out within the framework of the structural-dialectical approach on the issues of personality development and socialization of a preschool child. In accordance with the hypothesis, the directions of research are determined.
The first direction is the study of dialectical structures in arbitrary self-regulation and psychological and pedagogical conditions that contribute to the formation of a dialectical strategy of self-regulation in preschool children.
The second direction is the study of dialectical structures in the Self-concept and the possibility of forming in preschool children dialectical mechanisms of transformation of contradictions arising in the process of self-knowledge.
The third direction is the study of dialectical structures in social perception and the conditions for the formation of dialectical social intelligence in preschool children.
Conclusion. The study of dialectical structures in the development of the personality and socialization of the child will expand the possibilities of applying the structural-dialectical approach in practical psychology. It is important to develop dialectical thinking in children already in preschool age. The formation of a dialectical attitude towards oneself, people and events can contribute to the harmonization of relations with the outside world and oneself. This understanding opens up prospects for the development of methods of psychological correction of interpersonal relationships and personal development based on the formation of dialectical thinking in children, as well as the development of theory and practice of dialectical counseling and dialectical psychotherapy.