All articles

The article discusses the factors that affect the development of speech in older preschool children, and the place the educational environment takes in this process. A brief overview of the history of the concept of educational environment in Russian and foreign pedagogy and educational psychology is given.

Aim of the study. The method of assessing the educational environment CLASS is considered, such a component of the CLASS methodic as methodological support is analyzed. On the other hand, the authors give a brief description of the child’s language development up to the senior preschool age and conclude that for the most effective assessment of speech development at this age, it is necessary to use elicited narratives (that is, stories told by the child based on a series of pictures). The literature overview of the interrelations between the educational environment quality and the child’s speech development showed that contradictory data were obtained. The hypothesis of this study was the assumption that such a parameter of the educational environment as Methodological support would affect the development of speech in older preschool children.

Sample. The study involved 261 preschoolers (49,4% of boys) aged 5–6 years, pupils of 26 senior groups of kindergartens in Moscow. To test the hypothesis, two groups of preschool educational institutions were identified using the Mann-Whitney test: with high and low quality of methodological support, and then, using ANOVA, the speech parameters of children from these two groups were compared.

Results. As a result of the study, for the first time in the Russian sample, the results were obtained that well-organized methodological support in a preschool educational institution contributes to the better development of both lexical and grammatical indicators of speech and the ability to compose a coherent statement (narrative). The article draws conclusions both about the limitations of the conducted study and about possible ways for further research.

This paper is devoted to the analysis of the concept of “inclusion”, the existing problems and challenges of the implementation of inclusive education in the world, in particular through the example of the development of inclusion and the implementation of inclusive and socio-psychological practices in the education system in Germany. It describes the system of services for persons with disabilities, based on the classification by ICF, which is a standard and instrument of the World Health Organization, where disability is not considered as a property of a person, but a social phenomenon. The research is aimed at the organization of an inclusive environment, which does not exist in isolation, does not belong to a particular area of education, but is a natural part of society, and a general pedagogical concept. Ways of developing inclusion and inclusive education in particular are considered with regard to the history and mentality of countries, where the global community has moved away from a narrow view of inclusion as interaction with people with disabilities, and towards a broad acceptance of inclusion, where societies are diverse, with no segregation on the basis of diversity, from language and religion to disability, development and gender philosophy, which is the ideological basis for inclusion.

Inclusion as a special, progressive worldview is the emotional maturity of society, a well-thought-out structure of interaction between the child’s family and society and with other families, schools and other social institutions. The existing problems in the implementation of inclusive approaches in education in Russian practice are considered, in particular, the issues of human resources potential. The key principles of remedial and inclusive education, including in Russian educational practice, based on research by Lev Vygotsky, are presented.