Zinovieva A.A., Maznichenko M.A., Shuvanova V.P. Inclusion of Preschool Children in Trial Professional Activities as a Means of Early Career Guidance

Received: 07/12/2020

DOI: 10.24411/1997-9657-2020-10082

Keywords: early career guidance professional tests preschool children trial professional activity of preschool children professional tests of preschool children centers of professional tests in kindergarten

To cite this article:

Zinovieva A.A., Maznichenko M.A., Shuvanova V.P. (2020). Inclusion of preschool children in trial professional activities as a means of early career guidance. Preschool Education Today. 5:14, 18–31 (in Russian). DOI: 10.24411/1997-9657-2020-10082

This work is licensed under a Сreative Commons Atribiution - NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

2020, 5

Marina A. Maznichenko
Doctor of Pedagogy, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher, Professor of the Department of Pedagogical and Psychological-Pedagogical Education (jointly), Sochi State University, Sochi, Russia

Alla A. Zinovieva
Head of MDOBU Kindergarten №136 “Umka”, Sochi, Russia

Victoria P. Shuvanova
Senior Lecturer, Department of General Psychology and Social Communications, Sochi State University, Sochi, Russia

Abstract

Early career guidance – helping a child in pre-professional self-determination, choosing a suitable type of work, taking into account his needs and capabilities – is an essential condition for training professional personnel capable of ensuring Russia’s global competitiveness. It is necessary to start early career guidance from kindergarten, since it is during preschool childhood that a child develops an attitude towards work, professions, and a model of work activity. Early career guidance is included in the educational program of the preschool educational institution (area “Social and Communicative Development”) as an integral part of the full development of the individual. However, in the mass practice of kindergartens, early career guidance most often comes down to acquainting children with professions and types of work and the formation of a value attitude to work and representatives of professions. At the same time, children are not included in real professional activities, they can’t try themselves in different professions. This article proposes a means of strengthening the practical orientation of early career guidance of preschool children – including them in trial professional activities in specially equipped centers of professional tests based on the kindergarten and its social partners. The authors analyzed the available scientific research, innovative projects and programs for early career guidance implemented by kindergartens. The experience of organizing professional mini-tests for preschoolers, available in the kindergarten of the Chegdomyn village, was studied. The ways of developing this experience are shown through the creation of centers for professional tests based on kindergartens and its social partners, equipped with modern professional realities and safety requirements of preschoolers, and organizing children’s trial professional activities in them during regime moments as part of the “Professional Navigator” program (component variable part of the main educational program of preschool education). The article reveals the conditions for the inclusion of preschool children in trial professional activity.

References

1. 13th «direct line» of the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin with Russian citizens, April 16, 2015. RIA Novosti. URL: http://ria.ru/society/20150416/1058907027 .html#ixzz4B4oKGGdo (date of the application 05.04.2020).

2. Akademiya professii [Academy of Professions] (2018): Innovatsionnyi proekt po rannei proforientatsii doshkol’nikov v mire inzhenernykh professii sredstvami konstruktivno-model’noi deyatel’nosti [An innovative project for the early career guidance of preschoolers in the world of engineering professions by means of constructive-modeling activities]. Official site MDOU Detskii sad obshcherazvivayushchego vida «Buratino». URL: http://buratino30.ucoz.com/2018-2019/RIP/proekt_akademija_professij_na_sajt_2.pdf (date of the application05.04.2020).

3. Alyab’eva E.A. (2018) Poigraem v professii: zanyatiya, igry, besedy s det’mi 5-7 let [Let’s play in the profession: classes, games, conversations with children 5-7 years old]. In 2 books. Book 1. Moscow: Publishing«Sfera».

4. Batova A.V. (2017) Formirovanie predstavlenii o professiyakh vzroslykh u detei starshego doshkol’nogo vozrasta [The formation of ideas about adult professions in children of preschool age]. Bachelor’s thesis. Penza. URL: https://elib.pnzgu.ru/ files/eb/doc/oKo1DDL1DEdk.pdf (date of the application05.04.2020).

5. Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation «On approval of the Regulation on vocational guidance and psychological support of the population in the Russian Federation» dated September 27, 1996 No. 1. URL: https://base.garant.ru/136694/(date of the application05.04.2020).

6. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 7, 2012 No. 597 «On measures for the implementation of state social policy». Legal system «Garant». URL: https://base.garant.ru/70170950/ (date of the application 05.04.2020).

7. Didovich A.N., Zadorozhnaya E.A., Makarenko S.V. (2018) Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po realizatsii programmy rannei proforientatsii detei doshkol’nogo vozrasta [Guidelines for the implementation of the program of early career guidance for preschool children]. Novorossiisk: Publishing Novorossiysk Social and Pedagogical College.

8. Dvenadtsat’ resheniy dlya novogo obrazovaniya [Twelve solutions for a new education] (2013) Moscow: Higher School of Economics. URL: https://www.hse.ru /data/2018/04/06/1164671180/Doklad_obrazovanie_Web.pdf (accessed 04.04.2020).

9. Dybina O.V. (2002) Formirovanie tvorchestva u detei doshkol’nogo vozrasta v protsesse oznakomleniya s predmetnym mirom [The formation of creativity in preschool children in the process of familiarization with the subject world]. Doctoral Dissertation. Moscow.

10. Federal State Standard for Preschool Education. Approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of October 17, 2013 No. 1155. URL: http://ped-kopilka.ru/blogs/klyuka-natalija/fgos-doshkolnogo-obrazovanija. html (date of the application05.04.2020).

11. Fedorenko V. (1978) Formirovanie predstavlenii o professiyakh (posredstvom syuzhetnykh igr) [Formation of ideas about professions (through story games)]. Doshkol’noe vospitanie [Preschool education]. 10, 64-69.

12. Fukuyama S. (1989) Teoreticheskie osnovy professional’noi orientatsii [Theoretical Foundations of Vocational Guidance] /Ed. E. N. Zhil’tsov, N. N. Nechaev. Moscow: Publishing Moscow State University.

13. Kaleidoskop professii [Kaleidoscope of professions] (2020): Innovation project MDAOU Detskii sad №20 «Nezabudka» kombinirovannogo vida g. Novotroitska. Official siteMDAOU Detskii sad №20 «Nezabudka» kombinirovannogo vida g. Novotroitska. URL: http://nezabudka20.ucoz.ru/index/doshkolnikam_o_vidakh_ truda_i_tvorchestva/0-91 (date of the application 05.04.2020).

14. Kompleks psikhologo-pedagogicheskikh uslovii dlya formirovaniya u detei doshkol’nogo vozrasta pervichnykh predstavlenii o mire professii i interesa k professional’no-trudovoi deyatel’nosti [A complex of psychological and pedagogical conditions for the formation of primary ideas about the world of professions and interest in professional labor activity in preschool children] (2018) Innovative educational project on the early career guidance of preschool children MBDOU detskii sad №102 «Terem-teremok», Kalugа. URL: http://teremok.kaluga.prosadiki.ru/media/2018/09/06/123171 2967/1_PROEKT_po_RP.pdf (date of the application 05.04.2020).

15. Kondrashov V. P. (2004) Vvedenie doshkol’nikov v mir professii [Introduction of preschoolers to the world of professions:]. Teaching tool. Balashov: Publishing «Nikolaev».

16. Kondrashov V.P. (2001) Formirovanie predstavlenii o mire professii v usloviyakh igrovoi deyatel’nosti doshkol’nikov [The formation of ideas about the world of professions in the conditions of the game activity of preschoolers]. Doctoral Dissertation. Saratov.

17. Krulekht M. V., Krulekht A. A. (2012) Obrazovatel’naya oblast’ «Trud». Kak rabotat’ po programme «Detstvo» [Educational field «Labor». How to work on the program «Childhood»]. Teaching aid. /Ed. A. G. Gogoberidze. Sankt-Peterburg: Publishing «DETSTVO-PRESS».

18. Laboratoriya professii. Doshkol’nik [Laboratory of professions. Preschooler] (2015). Municipal project of Nizhny Tagil. URL: https://xn----stbcicbdtq9c6a.xn--p1ai/proekt-laboratoriya-professij-doshkolnik (date of the application 05.04.2020).

19. Loginova V.I. (1984) Formirovanie predstavlenii ob obshchestvennoi znachimosti truda vzroslykh [The formation of ideas about the social significance of adult labor.]. In: Russkova L.V. Trudovoe vospitanie detei doshkol’nogo vozrasta [Labor education of preschool children]. Collection of articles. Moscow: Publishing «Prosveshchenie», 10-14.

20. Potapova T. V. (2005) Besedy s doshkol’nikami o professiyakh [Conversations with preschoolers about professions]. Moscow: Publishing «Sfera».

21. Prognoz dolgosrochnogo sotsial’no-ekonomicheskogo razvitiya Rossiiskoi Federatsii do 2030 goda [Forecast of the long-term socio-economic development of the Russian Federation until 2030] (2013). Moscow: Minekonomrazvitiya Rossii.

22. Propedevtika rannei proforientatsii doshkol’nikov posredstvom sovremennykh obrazovatel’nykh tekhnologii [Propaedeutics of early career guidance for preschoolers through modern educational technologies] (2019). Innovative project MBDOU kindergarten No. 12 “Sun” of the village Chegdomyn of the Verkhnebureinsky municipal district of the Khabarovsk Territory. Official site. URL: http://khv-mdoy12. ucoz.ru/index/osnovnye_svedenija/0-51(date of the application 05.04.2020).

23. Professii nashego goroda [Professions of our city] (2020). Innovation project MBDOU Detskii sad «Solnyshko» Nizhnii Tagil. URL https://xn----stbcicbdtq9c6a.xn--p1ai/proekt-laboratoriya-professij-doshkolnik (date of the application 05.04.2020).

24. Pasechnikova T,V. (2013) Proforientatsionnaya rabota v usloviyakh doshkol’noi obrazovatel’noi organizatsii [Career guidance in the conditions of a preschool educational organization]. Methodological manual. Samara: Publishing «Tsentr professional’nogo obrazovaniya Samarskoi oblasti».

25. Psikhologo-pedagogicheskie usloviya v DOU razvitiya rannikh predstavlenii o mire professii u detei doshkol’nogo vozrasta [Psychological and pedagogical conditions in the preschool educational institution for the development of early ideas about the world of professions in preschool children:] (2020). Innovative project MBDOU detskii sad № 7 poselka Pereyaslavka. URL: https://multiurok.ru/files/proekt-po-rannei-proforientatsii-doshkolnikov.html (date of the application 05.04.2020).

26. Rannyaya proforientatsiya doshkol’nikov v mire professii v usloviyakh sotsial’nogo partnerstva i vzaimodeistviya s sem’ei v detskom sadu [Early career guidance for preschoolers in the world of professions in conditions of social partnership and interaction with family in kindergarten:] (2019). Innovative project MADOU detskii sad № 7 stanitsy Kushchevskoi Krasnodarskogo kraya. URL: http://wiki.iro23.info/images/b/b5/IP2019_DOO_5_ Kushevskaya_Rudko_DOY7_ proekt.pdf (date of the application05.04.2020).

27. Rannyaya proforientatsiya doshkol’nikov s uchetom regional’nogo komponenta «Igraem v professii: Rastem dlya Kubani, rastem dlya Rossii!» [Early career guidance for preschoolers taking into account the regional component «We play in the profession: We grow for the Kuban, we grow for Russia!»] (2019). Innovative project MBDOU «Tsentr razvitiya rebenka detskii sad №1» sela Belaya Glina Krasnodarskogo kraya. URL: http://wiki.iro23.info /images/a /af/ IP2019_ DOO_1_Beljglinskii_ Bazieva_MBDOU1_proekt.pdf (date of the application 05.04.2020).

28. Rebenok v mire professii [A child in the world of professions] (2020). Innovative project MADOU Detskii sad № 9 «Rosinka». Official site MADOU Detskii sad № 9 «Rosinka» g. Krasnokamenska. URL: https://dou9.caduk.ru/p375aa1.html (date of the application 05.04.2020).

29. Rodionov P.V. (2020) Dobrovol’cheskaya obshchestvennaya organizatsiya kak mesto professional’nykh prob studentov bakalavriata [Volunteer public organization as a place for professional samples of undergraduate students]. PhD Thesis. Tomsk.

30. Sazonova N.A. (2015) Pedagogicheskii proekt po rannei proforientatsii doshkol’nikov «V mire professii» [Pedagogical project on early career guidance for preschoolers «In the world of professions»]. Sotsial’naya set’ rabotnikov obrazovaniya nsportal.ru. URL: https://nsportal.ru/detskiy-sad/okruzhayushchiy-mir/2015/02/04/pedagogicheskiy-proekt-po-ranney-prof... (date of the application 05.04.2020).

31. Shalamova E. I. (2012) Realizatsiya obrazovatel’noi oblasti «Trud» v protsesse oznakomleniya detei starshego doshkol’nogo vozrasta s professiyami [The implementation of the educational field “Labor” in the process of familiarizing older preschool children with professions]. Training manual. Sankt-Peterburg: Publishing «Detstvo-Press».

32. Shakhmanova A.Sh. (1989) Vospitanie u detei pyatogo goda zhizni polozhitel’nogo otnosheniya k cheloveku-truzheniku [The upbringing in children of the fifth year of life of a positive attitude towards a working person]. PhD Thesis. Moscow.

33. Shingarkina D.A. (2008) Vospitanie trudolyubiya u detei starshego doshkol’nogo vozrasta v protsesse oznakomleniya s mirom vzroslykh [The education of industriousness in children of preschool age in the process of familiarization with the adult world]. PhD Thesis. Chelyabinsk.

34. Shorygina T. A. (2013) Professii. Kakie oni? [Professions. What are they like?]. Book for educators, tutors and parents. Moscow: Publishing «Gnom».

35. Sozdanie v DOU psikhologo-pedagogicheskikh uslovii razvitiya rannikh predstavlenii o mire professii u detei doshkol’nogo vozrasta [Creation in the preschool educational institution of psychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of early ideas about the world of professions in preschool children] (2016). Innovative project MDOU № 171, Yaroslavl. Official site MDOU № 171, Yaroslavl. URL: https://mdou171.edu.yar.ru/docs/programma _po_proforientatsii.pdf (date of the application 05.04.2020).

36. Sozdanie mobil’nykh interaktivnykh masterskikh «Kem byt’?» kak odno iz napravlenii raboty s det’mi doshkol’nogo vozrasta po rannei proforientatsii [Creation of mobile interactive workshops “Who to be?” as one of the areas of work with preschool children in early career guidance] (2017). Innovative project MBDOU Tsentr razvitiya rebenka – detskii sad № 13 munitsipal’nogo obrazovaniya gorod Novorossiisk Krasnodarskogo kraya. URL: http://wiki.iro23.info/images/b/b2/IP2017_DOO_1_Novorossiysk_MBDOU_13_arhireeva_proekt.pdf (date of the application 05.04.2020).

37. Sosnovskii E.A. (2017) Znakomim s professiyami: stikhi, nakleiki, aktiviti-zadaniya [Introducing professions: poems, stickers, activity assignments]. Moscow: Publishing «Robins».

38. Tarabarina T.I. (2012) Formirovanie u doshkol’nikov polozhitel’nogo otnosheniya k trudu v sovmestnoi deyatel’nosti so vzroslymi [Formation of a positive attitude towards work in preschool children in joint activities with adults]. Pedagogicheskii vestnik [Pedagogical Bulletin]. 3, 15-19.

39. The order of the Education Department of the administration of the municipal formation of the city of Novorossiysk No. 190 dated 02.16.2015 «O prisvoenii statusa munitsipal’noi innovatsionnoi ploshchadki i vnesenii PPO v munitsipal’nyi bank dannykh» [On assignment of the status of a municipal innovation site and the introduction of software in the municipal database]. URL: http://sad10vishenka.ru/ (date of the application 05.04.2020).

40. Yasvin V.A. (2001) Obrazovatel’naya sreda: ot modelirovaniya k proektirovaniyu [Educational environment: from modeling to design]. Moscow: Publishing «Smysl».