Belobrykina O.A. Simplification of preschool childhood in the context of educational standardization

DOI: 10.24412/2782-4519-2023-2116-54-64

Keywords: educational reforms educational standards childhood preschool age leading activity simplification of development game deprivation

To cite this article:

Belobrykina O.A. (2023). Simplification of preschool childhood in the context of educational standardization. Preschool Education Today. 2:16, 54–64 (in Russian). DOI: 10.24412/2782-4519-2023-2116-54-64

This work is licensed under a Сreative Commons Atribiution - NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

2023, 2

Olga A. Belobrykina
PhD in Psychology, Associate Professor, Professor of department of social psychology and victimology of faculty of psychology, Novosibirsk state pedagogical university, research associate Research Laboratory of social and psychological researches NSPU, children’s practical psychologist, Honorary worker of higher education of the Russian Federation, full member of Academy of polar medicine and extreme ecology of the person, Mentor of NSPU (Novosibirsk, Russia)

Abstract

Relevance (context) of the subject of the article. The role of the play in preschool age is a priority. At the same time, the predominance of the cognitive dominant in educational standards has an adverse effect on the full living of a child of preschool childhood. When discussing the problem of standardization of education, special attention is paid to the forecasts of D.B. Elkonin, that did not loose their importance today regarding the reform of education in general and preschool education in particular. It is noted that the idea of “high standards of education”, implemented through the introduction of programs for the early development of intellectual skills in children and their preparation for the use of high technologies in the future, simplifies the development of a preschooler.

Organization of the research. The purpose of the study was to determine the presence of ontogenetically successive types of play in the system of additional education of preschoolers. The research method was a content analysis of the content of advertising products for services offered by institutions of additional education for children of early and preschool age. More than 500 advertisements have been analyzed. The analysis showed that the list of proposals is dominated by areas focused on the knowledge component, many of which prevent the formation of age-related neoplasms.

Research results. The results of an analytical study of the services offered by institutions of additional education for young and preschool children indicate the dominance of the school preparation service, the implementation of which begins from 2–3 years of age. The ratio of “developing” services for children offered by extracurricular institutions is shown, in which there is completely no orientation to the leading type of activity of a preschooler – the play. It is indicated that the implementation of both basic and additional education for preschool children in modern conditions is carried out with the predominant use of school forms and teaching aids.

Conclusions. The analysis showed that the use of school forms, methods and techniques when teaching preschoolers in preschool and additional education institutions outside the reliance on the leading type of activity deprives children of a full-fledged childhood. Limited by the framework of educational and other standards, preschool childhood today is deprived of the means to construct the image of adulthood, the image of the social future and the prospects of one’s own individual formation.

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