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This paper presents a program of teaching mathematics for preschoolers with mental retardation with means of Kuisener sticks. Stages of correctional and pedagogical work, and the methods and techniques of teaching preschool math skills with numbers are described. Exercises during which children assimilate composition of number are introduced. Kuisener sticks are increasingly used in the work of preschool pedagogues for different educational and developmental objectives: building counting skills, the development of orientation in color, size, formation of constructive praxis, spatial representations, and others. Experience of the development of elementary mathematical concepts in preschool children with mental retardation with the help of Kuisener sticks is described.